Motors: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Motor.png|thumb|Christoph Laimer's 3D printed Halbach array brushless motor]]
{{Parts infobox
[[File:Ebike_Controller.jpg|thumb]]
|image          = Motor.png
[[File:6-step waveform.png|thumb]]
|designers      =
|date            =
|vitamins        =
|materials      = [[Steels]]
|transformations =
|lifecycles      =
|parts          = [[Bolts]], [[Nuts]], [[Washers]], [[Magnets]], [[Wires]]
|techniques      =
|tools          = [[3D printers]]
|files          =
|suppliers      =
|git            =
}}
 
[[Category:Parts]]
[[Category:Electric parts]]
 
=Introduction=
<youtube>XH2bykD70jI</youtube>
 
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as a power grid, inverters or electrical generators. An electric generator is mechanically identical to an electric motor, but operates with a reversed flow of power, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
 
=Challenges=
=Challenges=
Electric motors are expensive and difficult to manufacture, and not universally available.  Most [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoplastic thermoplastics] operate at low [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point melting points] not suitable for intense or prolonged motor operation.   
Electric motors are expensive and difficult to manufacture, and not universally available.  Most [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoplastic thermoplastics] operate at low [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point melting points] not suitable for intense or prolonged motor operation.   
<youtube>57M_c6M1c0o</youtube>


=Approaches=
=Approaches=
==Standards==
* NEMA 17/23/34
* 550/555/775/795/895/997 DC Motor
* face mount / pedestal mount
3D print an electric motor using [[recycled plastics]] selected specially for high durability and heat resistance, [[3D printers]], and [[vitamins]].  Design with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_casting investment casting], and direct metal printing in mind.
3D print an electric motor using [[recycled plastics]] selected specially for high durability and heat resistance, [[3D printers]], and [[vitamins]].  Design with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_casting investment casting], and direct metal printing in mind.
<gallery>
Ebike_Controller.jpg|
6-step waveform.png|
</gallery>


==Stepper Motors==
==Stepper Motors==
Dual-shaft NEMA-17 Stepper motor [[File:Stepper-motor-basics.pdf|thumb]]
<youtube>puZUKE_Wu8g</youtube>
<youtube>dFjm13KgL7s</youtube>


===References===
* [http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/Datasheets/StepperBasic.pdf Stepper Motor Basics]
* [http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/Datasheets/StepperBasic.pdf Stepper Motor Basics]
* [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2873796 Pneumatic linear stepper motor]
* [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2873796 Pneumatic linear stepper motor]


==Servo Motors==
==Brushless DC motors==
<youtube>YsSm65DAcCg</youtube>
<youtube>3pG90WreWyo</youtube>
<youtube>WEEDJiC8Jqc</youtube>
<youtube>xzVkpPDmbtg</youtube>
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/TheTrueGoofy/videos  Christoph Laimer's Youtube channel]
* [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4785716 Brushless Motor]
 
==Servo motors==
<youtube>RhnFUuMgao8</youtube>
==Cyclodial==
<youtube>RkGU2v9tBFE</youtube>
<youtube>Emvo3bLT-Z4</youtube>
* [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4776394 Dual Cycloidal 41:1 Internal BLDC]
* [https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/AMT102-V/102-1307-ND/827015 AMT102-V] inexpensive shaft mounted rotary encoder with adapters for various motor and shaft types
* [https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/AMT102-V/102-1307-ND/827015 AMT102-V] inexpensive shaft mounted rotary encoder with adapters for various motor and shaft types
* [https://tropical-labs.com/mechaduino/ Mechaduino] servo controller
* [https://tropical-labs.com/mechaduino/ Mechaduino] servo controller


==Utility Motors==
==Sterling motors==
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/TheTrueGoofy/videos  Christoph Laimer's Youtube channel]
* [https://seftonmotors.com/ Sefton motors]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsSm65DAcCg Step by step instructions for making the 600W, 3d-printed Halbach array brushless motor.]
 
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pG90WreWyo 3d-printed Halbach Motor - Update, Tuning, Testing (and sending it to FliteTest)]
==PCB motors==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEEDJiC8Jqc 3d-printed brushless Motor - Explore max. RPM (make it explode)]
<youtube>oa6sP-joAr8</youtube>
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzVkpPDmbtg 3D Printed Motor on an Ultralight!]
<youtube>OzqSzFZa2DY</youtube>


===Alternatives===
==Alternatives==
* [https://www.surpluscenter.com/Electrical/AC-Single-Phase-Motors/AC-Motors-Base-Mount/1-2-HP-115-Volt-AC-1725-RPM-Magnetek-Motor-10-3215.axd 1/2 Horsepower 115 Volt AC 1725 RPM Magnetek Motor]
* [https://www.surpluscenter.com/Electrical/AC-Single-Phase-Motors/AC-Motors-Base-Mount/1-2-HP-115-Volt-AC-1725-RPM-Magnetek-Motor-10-3215.axd 1/2 Horsepower 115 Volt AC 1725 RPM Magnetek Motor]
* Salvaged AC, DC, or universal motor - permanent magnet or inductive
* Salvaged AC, DC, or universal motor - permanent magnet or inductive
= Sterling motor =
* [https://seftonmotors.com/ Sefton motors]


=Tools=
=Tools=
Line 39: Line 81:
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:20177
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:20177
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:11164
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:11164
* https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:251004
* IRFP260N mosfets - 50A 200V - $3 ea Ebay - same as Controller
* IRFP260N mosfets - 50A 200V - $3 ea Ebay - same as Controller


=References=
=References=
 
* [http://falstad.com/circuit/ Electrical current and phase simulator]
[[Category: Parts]]
* [http://www.laimer.ch/ Christoph Laimer]
[[Category: Plastic parts]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor Wikipedia: Electric motor]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516024656/http://www.scary-terry.com/wipmtr/wipmtr.htm Using a wiper motor in your Halloween projects by Scary Terry]
* [http://www.motorsformakers.com/ Motors for Makers]

Latest revision as of 19:13, 27 January 2023

Part: Motors
Materials: Steels
Tools: 3D printers
Parts: Bolts, Nuts, Washers, Magnets, Wires

Introduction

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as a power grid, inverters or electrical generators. An electric generator is mechanically identical to an electric motor, but operates with a reversed flow of power, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Challenges

Electric motors are expensive and difficult to manufacture, and not universally available. Most thermoplastics operate at low melting points not suitable for intense or prolonged motor operation.

Approaches

Standards

  • NEMA 17/23/34
  • 550/555/775/795/895/997 DC Motor
  • face mount / pedestal mount

3D print an electric motor using recycled plastics selected specially for high durability and heat resistance, 3D printers, and vitamins. Design with investment casting, and direct metal printing in mind.

Stepper Motors

Brushless DC motors

Servo motors

Cyclodial

Sterling motors

PCB motors

Alternatives

Tools

Development targets

References

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