=Introduction= <youtube>XH2bykD70jI</youtube>
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. Electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as a power grid, inverters or electrical generators. An electric generator is mechanically identical to an electric motor, but operates with a reversed flow of power, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
=Challenges= Electric motors are expensive and difficult to manufacture, and not universally available. Most [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoplastic thermoplastics] operate at low [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting_point melting points] not suitable for intense or prolonged motor operation.
<youtube>57M_c6M1c0o</youtube>
=Approaches=
Standards
* NEMA 17/23/34 * 550/555/775/795/895/997 DC Motor * face mount / pedestal mount
3D print an electric motor using recycled plastics selected specially for high durability and heat resistance, 3D printers, and vitamins. Design with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_casting investment casting], and direct metal printing in mind. <gallery> Ebike_Controller.jpg| 6-step waveform.png| </gallery>
Stepper Motors
<youtube>puZUKE_Wu8g</youtube> <youtube>dFjm13KgL7s</youtube>
* [http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/Datasheets/StepperBasic.pdf Stepper Motor Basics] * [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2873796 Pneumatic linear stepper motor]
Brushless DC motors
<youtube>YsSm65DAcCg</youtube> <youtube>3pG90WreWyo</youtube> <youtube>WEEDJiC8Jqc</youtube> <youtube>xzVkpPDmbtg</youtube> * [https://www.youtube.com/user/TheTrueGoofy/videos Christoph Laimer's Youtube channel] * [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4785716 Brushless Motor]
Servo motors
<youtube>RhnFUuMgao8</youtube>
Cyclodial
<youtube>RkGU2v9tBFE</youtube> <youtube>Emvo3bLT-Z4</youtube> * [https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4776394 Dual Cycloidal 41:1 Internal BLDC] * [https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/AMT102-V/102-1307-ND/827015 AMT102-V] inexpensive shaft mounted rotary encoder with adapters for various motor and shaft types * [https://tropical-labs.com/mechaduino/ Mechaduino] servo controller
Sterling motors
* [https://seftonmotors.com/ Sefton motors]
PCB motors
<youtube>oa6sP-joAr8</youtube> <youtube>OzqSzFZa2DY</youtube>
Alternatives
* [https://www.surpluscenter.com/Electrical/AC-Single-Phase-Motors/AC-Motors-Base-Mount/1-2-HP-115-Volt-AC-1725-RPM-Magnetek-Motor-10-3215.axd 1/2 Horsepower 115 Volt AC 1725 RPM Magnetek Motor] * Salvaged AC, DC, or universal motor - permanent magnet or inductive
=Tools= * 3D Printers
=Development targets= * https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:20177 * https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:11164 * IRFP260N mosfets - 50A 200V - $3 ea Ebay - same as Controller
=References= * [http://falstad.com/circuit/ Electrical current and phase simulator] * [http://www.laimer.ch/ Christoph Laimer] * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor Wikipedia: Electric motor] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516024656/http://www.scary-terry.com/wipmtr/wipmtr.htm Using a wiper motor in your Halloween projects by Scary Terry] * [http://www.motorsformakers.com/ Motors for Makers]